Cecelia'+s+page

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This is a website that I thought interesting
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Early 1800's to the beginning of World War II, approximately 5 million Polish immigrants came to the United States. The Poles fled their country for various reasons. Some emigrants left to escape conscription, others left to seek better opportunities in America, and some fled from religious persecution. Polish immigrants have been emigrating to the US since they arrived with the Vikings, and Christopher Columbus but significant immigration did not occur until the 1800's. However, the first appearances of Poles in America occurred in 1608. These Poles were hired by the London Company to bring their industrial skills to Jamestown. The Poles created glass house shops, and pitch and potash burners. These products became the first exports of Jamestown. As a result of their success more Poles were invited to Jamestown. They were always cooperative and willing workers. In 1619 more Poles landed at Jamestown with the intent to manufacture pitch, tar and resin for ships. They also helped start the timber industry that was necessary for ship building. The first Legislative Assembly denied the Jamestown Poles the right to vote. As a result the Poles went to strike, refusing to work unless they had the right to vote. On July 21, 1619 the Legislative Assembly granted Poles the right to vote. Thus, the Poles were the first group that fought successfully for civil rights. Polish immigration to America increased in 1776, the year of the American Revolution. The Poles that ventured to America in 1776 were traveling to fight. They supported the idea of self government. Count Kazimiere Pulaski, and Thaddeus Kosciuszko both were generals during the Revolutionary War. The first wave of Polish immigrants, largely made up of intellectuals and poorer nobles, came between 1800 and 1860. This group fled their country mainly because of political insurrections. The US Immigration and Naturalization Service have estimated that fewer than 2,000 Poles immigrated during this wave. In 1880, more than six million of the world's 7.7 million Jews lived in eastern Europe. Only three percent lived in the Untied States. However, after a series of large-scale migrations by 1920, close to twenty-three percent of the world's Jews were calling America home. The revolution of 1905 created a new wave of anti-Semitism in Poland that reached its crescendo in 1912. An anti-Semitic wing of the National Democratic Party began to gain strength in the early 1900's when many intellectuals and representatives of organized labor left the party. To retain their strength, the party began to rely on anti-Semitic slogans aimed at Jews, whose numbers were growing enormously in the cities. The time was fostered by radical nationalistic groups. Students would picket Jewish stores, threatening Poles who dared to enter. Shame was also placed upon those citizens who sought the services of Jewish lawyers, dentists and doctors. One technique that was frequently used was to photograph Poles entering Jewish residences and print the pictures. The picture, with a derogatory comment, would be placed on pamphlets that were distributed among the townspeople. Less costly but just as painful and derogatory were such incidents of Poles throwing stones at Jewish men, women and even young children. Killing Jews was contagious in an atmosphere of hate that enveloped Poland. Not only were the Polish radicals placing the blame for their problems on the Jews, but they were also gaining free media. My great-grandmother's story is just one of the thousands that relates to the immigration of Polish Jews to America. Although she did not relay the information concerning anti-Semitism, the resentment and hatred raged against Jews remained in Poland even after it gained its independence after World War I. Anti-Jewish attitudes, feelings and activities constituted a strong link between diverse elements of the Polish nation. Jews were divided in their response. Large numbers continued to find shelter in their religion while others looked to past traditions.

The first wave of Polish immigrants, largely made up of intellectuals and poorer nobles, came between 1800 and 1860. This group fled their country mainly because of political insurrections. The US Immigration and Naturalization Service have estimated that fewer than 2,000 Poles immigrated during this wave. In 1880, more than six million of the world's 7.7 million Jews lived in eastern Europe. Only three percent lived in the Untied States. However, after a series of large-scale migrations by 1920, close to twenty-three percent of the world's Jews were calling America home. The revolution of 1905 created a new wave of anti-Semitism in Poland that reached its crescendo in 1912. An anti-Semitic wing of the National Democratic Party began to gain strength in the early 1900's when many intellectuals and representatives of organized labor left the party. To retain their strength, the party began to rely on anti-Semitic slogans aimed at Jews, whose numbers were growing enormously in the cities. The time was fostered by radical nationalistic groups. Students would picket Jewish stores, threatening Poles who dared to enter. Shame was also placed upon those citizens who sought the services of Jewish lawyers, dentists and doctors. One technique that was frequently used was to photograph Poles entering Jewish residences and print the pictures. The picture, with a derogatory comment, would be placed on pamphlets that were distributed among the townspeople. Less costly but just as painful and derogatory were such incidents of Poles throwing stones at Jewish men, women and even young children. Killing Jews was contagious in an atmosphere of hate that enveloped Poland. Not only were the Polish radicals placing the blame for their problems on the Jews, but they were also gaining free media. My great-grandmother's story is just one of the thousands that relates to the immigration of Polish Jews to America. Although she did not relay the information concerning anti-Semitism, the resentment and hatred raged against Jews remained in Poland even after it gained its independence after World War I. Anti-Jewish attitudes, feelings and activities constituted a strong link between diverse elements of the Polish nation. Jews were divided in their response. Large numbers continued to find shelter in their religion while others looked to past traditions.



The first wave of Polish immigrants, largely made up of intellectuals and poorer nobles, came between 1800 and 1860. This group fled their country mainly because of political insurrections. The US Immigration and Naturalization Service have estimated that fewer than 2,000 Poles immigrated during this wave. In 1880, more than six million of the world's 7.7 million Jews lived in eastern Europe. Only three percent lived in the Untied States. However, after a series of large-scale migrations by 1920, close to twenty-three percent of the world's Jews were calling America home. The revolution of 1905 created a new wave of anti-Semitism in Poland that reached its crescendo in 1912. An anti-Semitic wing of the National Democratic Party began to gain strength in the early 1900's when many intellectuals and representatives of organized labor left the party. To retain their strength, the party began to rely on anti-Semitic slogans aimed at Jews, whose numbers were growing enormously in the cities. The time was fostered by radical nationalistic groups. Students would picket Jewish stores, threatening Poles who dared to enter. Shame was also placed upon those citizens who sought the services of Jewish lawyers, dentists and doctors. One technique that was frequently used was to photograph Poles entering Jewish residences and print the pictures. The picture, with a derogatory comment, would be placed on pamphlets that were distributed among the townspeople. Less costly but just as painful and derogatory were such incidents of Poles throwing stones at Jewish men, women and even young children. Killing Jews was contagious in an atmosphere of hate that enveloped Poland. Not only were the Polish radicals placing the blame for their problems on the Jews, but they were also gaining free media. My great-grandmother's story is just one of the thousands that relates to the immigration of Polish Jews to America. Although she did not relay the information concerning anti-Semitism, the resentment and hatred raged against Jews remained in Poland even after it gained its independence after World War I. Anti-Jewish attitudes, feelings and activities constituted a strong link between diverse elements of the Polish nation. Jews were divided in their response. Large numbers continued to find shelter in their religion while others looked to past traditions.




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